The new technique could be used to test hundreds of cancer drugs very quickly, which could drastically cut the time it takes to find potential breast cancer treatments, according to a Cancer Research UK-funded study published in Cell today.
Researchers have grown human breast cancer cells in mice before taking the cells out to run further tests using experimental drugs.
Cells grown in this way more accurately mimic how cancer cells grow in a person’s body and closely reflect the genetic faults found in patients’ cancer cells. This method means more drugs could be tested at the same time and in different combinations, potentially shortening the time it takes to make new drugs available to patients.
The project is one of many funded by Cancer Research UK that look at ways to reduce the number of mice used in experiments while making drug testing more accurate.
This new technique means that researchers can carry out hundreds of drug tests after removing the cancer cells from mice. This is set to replace the current practice of growing cancer cells on plastic dishes and then carrying out tests in mice – an approach which has limitations because tumour cells grow differently in a plastic dish than in the body.
Professor Carlos Caldas, lead author based at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Director of the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, said: “Traditionally, we’ve grown cells on plastic dishes but this is artificial because cells in the body grow in a more complicated way. In the future, this new technique, and others like it, will replace the methods used in the lab today.
“We’re making all our data publically available so that other researchers around the world can use and benefit from our work and we’ll continue to improve it.”
Nell Barrie, Cancer Research UK’s senior science information manager, said: “Finding new ways to test potential drugs more accurately and efficiently is really important in the fight against cancer. Studies like this could help us find new treatments more quickly and might also help identify the best combinations of drugs for particular groups of patients, ensuring more people survive the disease.”
Journal reference
Bruna et al. A biobank of breast cancer explants with preserved intra-tumor heterogeneity to screen anticancer compounds. Cell, September 2016 DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2016.08.041
